Document Type : Case Report(s)
Authors
1 Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Craniomaxillofacial Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Disease, Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5 Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
6 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Disease, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is an uncommon malignant mesenchymal tumor. This tumor arises from smooth muscle cells and mostly occurs behind the peritoneum area, including pelvis and uterus. Oral LMS is exceedingly rare and occurs mainly in the bones and the soft tissues. It generally involves adults, without any considerable specific age or sex predominance. This tumor has a clinically aggressive growth pattern and is usually presented as a non-ulcerated, painless, destructive mass with a relatively firm consistency. LMS can be easily mistaken for other more common spindle cell lesions by only light microscopic evaluation; consequently, immunohistochemical study is helpful for the definitive diagnosis. The suggested treatment modalities include excision, radical surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy. Wide surgical resection is the most preferred treatment protocol. Herein, we report a clinically controversial case of gingival LMS in a 32-year-old female and also discuss the diagnostic procedures and treatment modalities in this malignancy.
Keywords
How to cite this article:
Rohani B, Mahdavi N, Karimi A, Najafi S, Amiri M. Gingival leiomyosarcoma in a young woman: Report of a challenging case. Middle East J Cancer. 2022;13(1):183-90. doi: 10.30476/mejc.2021. 85263.1265.
2.Amarapala H, Tilakaratne WM. Leiomyosarcoma of the oral cavity: Report of seven cases and review of literature. Oral Oncology Extra. 2006;42(1):14–7. doi: 10.1016/j.ooe.2005.08.001.
3. Schütz A, Smeets R, Driemel O, Hakim SG, Kosmehl H, Hanken H, et al. Primary and secondary leiomyosarcoma of the oral and perioral region--clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of a rare entity with a review of the literature. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2013;71(6):1132-42. doi: 10.1016/j. joms.2012.12.011.
4.Ko EM, McHugh JB. Primary leiomyosarcoma of the buccal mucosa: Report of a case and review of the literature. Head Neck Pathol. 2018;12(4):529-33. doi: 10.1007/s12105-018-0907-5.
5. Viviano M, Miracco C, Lorenzini G, Baldino G, Cocca S. Gingival leiomyosarcoma in a young woman: Case report and literature review. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2017;17(4):e472-e476. doi: 10.18295/squmj. 2017.17.04.017.
6. Vilos GA, Rapidis AD, Lagogiannis GD, Apostolidis C. Leiomyosarcomas of the oral tissues: clinicopathologic analysis of 50 cases. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2005;63(10):1461-77. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2005.06.018.
7. Yan B, Li Y, Pan J, Xia H, Li LJ. Primary oral leiomyosarcoma: a retrospective clinical analysis of 20 cases. Oral Dis. 2010;16(2):198-203. doi: 10.1111/ j.1601-0825.2009.01635.x.
8. Bayramoglu Z, Gümrükçü Z. Leiomyosarcoma of the maxilla. J Oral Res Rev. 2018;10(1):15-9. doi: 10.4103/ jorr.jorr_34_17.
9. Ko E. Primary oral leiomyosarcoma: A systematic review and update. J Oral Pathol Med. 2019;48(9):780-7. doi: 10.1111/jop.12858.
10. Fernández-Barriales M, García-Montesinos B, García Reija F, Mayorga Fernández M, Saiz Bustillo R. Metastatic leiomyosarcoma of the oral region from a uterine primary: a case report and review of the literature. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2013;71(9):1626-33. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2013.03.003.
11. Patel K, French C, Khariwala SS, Rohrer M, Kademani D. Intraosseous leiomyosarcoma of the mandible: a case report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2013;71(7):1209-16. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2013.01.028.
12. Crossman T, Ward P, Herold J. Leiomyosarcoma of the tongue: a case report. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008;46(8):e69-70. doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2008.03.008.
13. Rodini CO, Pontes FS, Pontes HA, Santos PS, Magalhaes MG, Pinto DS Jr. Oral leiomyosarcomas: report of two cases with immunohistochemical profile. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2007;104(4):e50-5. doi: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2007.05.005.
14. Rahrotaban S, Aminishakib P, Derakhshan S, Mehrabi S. Leiomyosarcoma of the maxilla: a rare challenging case. J Contemp Med Sci. 2015;1(3):1-3.
15. Kim SM, Myoung H, Choung PH, Kim MJ, Lee SK, Lee JH. Metastatic leiomyosarcoma in the oral cavity: case report with protein expression profiles. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2009;37(8):454-60. doi: 10.1016/j. jcms.2009.06.010.
16. Tejani MA, Galloway TJ, Lango M, Ridge JA, von Mehren M. Head and neck sarcomas: a comprehensive cancer center experience. Cancers (Basel). 2013;5(3): 890-900. doi: 10.3390/cancers5030890.
)