Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Middle East Journal of Cancer
2008-6709
5
2
2014
04
01
Interpreting Radiation Treatment Planning Study Results: A Note of Caution
51
54
41954
EN
Dipankar
Kandel
Department of Clinical Research, Seti Zonal Hospital, Dhangadi, Nepal
Journal Article
2013
12
07
https://mejc.sums.ac.ir/article_41954_86bf66aed66ffeafa954b93e975e146a.pdf
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Middle East Journal of Cancer
2008-6709
5
2
2014
04
01
The Role of T Regulatory Lymphocytes in Lymphoma
55
66
41953
EN
Ahmad
Nasser
Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
Afra
Khosravi
Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
Reza
Azizian
Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
Journal Article
2013
10
17
T regulatory cells play a crucial role in immunological unresponsiveness to self- antigens and in suppressing excessive immune responses deleterious to the host. T regulatory cells are produced in the thymus as a functionally mature subpopulation of T cells. They can be induced from naive T cells in the periphery and express their marker as a forkhead/winged helix transcription factor called FoxP3. In patients with lymphomas where T regulatory cells serve as suppressor anti-tumor cytotoxicity, decreased numbers of T regulatory cells are associated with a favorable prognosis. In contrast, in patients with lymphomas where T regulatory cells function as anti-tumor cytotoxic agents, enhanced numbers of T regulatory cells are associated with a favorable prognosis. Tumors actively promote the accumulation of these cells through several mechanisms that involve activation of naturally occurring T regulatory cells as well as conversion of non-T regulatory cells into T regulatory cells. Tumor-derived prostaglandin E2 can increase T regulatory cell activity and induce a regulatory phenotype in CD4+CD25+T cells. On the other hand, a balance between T regulatory and Th17 cells is essential for maintaining homeostasis of anti-tumor immunity. Accelerating processes such as increasing the amounts of IL-6 or IL-17 can enhance FoxP3 T regulatory cell expression and result in a lymphoma or inactivation of T cell CD4+. This effect is the reason for malignancy and a reduction in anti-tumor immune response. In this systematic review we intend to analyze this relationship. We have collected and analyzed the majority of recently published articles on the role of T regulatory cells as a review article.
https://mejc.sums.ac.ir/article_41953_0472e3724fc405d93499c7714b820279.pdf
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Middle East Journal of Cancer
2008-6709
5
2
2014
04
01
Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor Expression in Endometrioid Endometrial Carcinomas: A Clinicopathological Study
67
73
41952
EN
Indu
Maniketh
Department of Pathology, St. John’s Medical College, Koramangala, Bangalore, India
Gayatri
Ravikumar
Department of Pathology, St. John’s Medical College, Koramangala, Bangalore, India
Julian A.
Crasta
Department of Pathology, St. John’s Medical College, Koramangala, Bangalore, India
Rekha
Prabhu
Department of Gynecologic Oncology, St. John’s Medical College, Koramangala,
Bangalore, India
Elizabeth
Vallikad
Department of Gynecologic Oncology, St. John’s Medical College, Koramangala,
Bangalore, India
Journal Article
2014
03
12
Background: This study assesses the expressions of estrogen and progesterone receptors in endometrioid carcinomas of the endometrium and their association with established clinicopathological prognostic parameters.Methods: We reviewed the pathology and medical records from 45 cases of endometrioid endometrial carcinomas that were seen from 2006 to 2011 for relevant clinical and histological parameters. Grade I and stage IA tumors were analyzed and compared with higher grades and stages IB- IV. Estrogen and progesterone immunostained slides were analyzed.Results: Patients’ age ranged from 32 to 77 years (mean: 58.13 years). Postmenopausal bleeding was the most common presenting complaint seen in 75.6% of cases. Associated co-morbidities such as diabetes, hypertension and other malignancies were seen in 88% of cases. Myometrial invasion of less than 50% of myometrial thickness was seen in 70.5% cases. There were 40% of tumors classified as FIGO grade 1 and 65.85% were FIGO stage IA. Estrogen and progesterone expressions were seen in 40 (90%) cases, predominantly in FIGO stage I disease. However there was no statistically significant association of estrogen and progesterone expression with any of the clinicopathological prognostic factors. In 23 of the 30 cases that had follow up data, there was no evidence of disease. Of these, only one case was negative for both hormone receptors. Progesterone positivity alone was seen in 87% of cases with no evidence of disease.Conclusions: Nuclear immunostaining with estrogen and progesterone was seen in the majority of cases (90%). Although we have observed a linear increase in progesterone receptor positivity with disease-free survival, this finding needs to be confirmed with additional, larger studies.
https://mejc.sums.ac.ir/article_41952_78e848958c42d5b58c1b2cb99b1708ab.pdf
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Middle East Journal of Cancer
2008-6709
5
2
2014
04
01
Chemotherapy-induced Fatigue among Jordanian Cancer Patients: What are the Contributing Factors?
75
82
41955
EN
Kholoud
Abu Obead
Faculty of Nursing , Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
Sameer
Yaser
King Hussein Cancer Center, Out Patient Clinic, Amman, Jordan
Maysaa
Khattab
Faculty of Nursing , Al-Albayt University, Al-Mafraq, Jordan
Faisal
Al-badainah
King Hussein Cancer Center, Out Patient Clinic, Amman, Jordan
Laila
Saqer
Faculty of Nursing , Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
Nehaya
Al-dosouqi
King Hussein Cancer Center, Out Patient Clinic, Amman, Jordan
Journal Article
2014
03
12
Background: The purposes of this study were to examine the impact of chemotherapy treatment on Jordanian cancer patients’ fatigue and to correlate their fatigue with selected sociodemographic variables at the beginning of treatment and after four weeks of treatment. Methods: This was a single group quasi-experimental correlational design study that enrolled 43 patients diagnosed with cancer who required chemotherapy treatment. Fatigue was measured according to the Piper Fatigue Scale (PFS) before starting chemotherapy treatment and after four weeks of receiving the first dose of chemotherapy. Data were collected over a period of four weeks and analyzed with descriptive statistics, the paired-sample t-test, and Pearson product-moment correlation.Results: The study included 17 (39.5%) males and 26 (60.5%) females with a mean age of 45.98 years. Most (n=17) were diagnosed with breast cancer. Obesity was present in about 64.4% of patients. The majority (46%) received an anthracycline-based regimen. There were statistically significant differences between respondents’ total mean scores of fatigue pre-treatment and four weeks following chemotherapy treatment (t= -2.31, df=42, P<0.05). In addition, significant differences were found in the scores for behavioral, affective, sensory, and cognitive dimensions subscales (t= -2.24, -2.19, - 2.4, -2.4, df=42, P<0.05) between pre-treatment and four weeks after receiving the first dose of chemotherapy treatment. We observed a significant negative relationship between fatigue scores and hemoglobin levels (r= -0.04, P<0.01).Conclusion: Cancer-related fatigue is common among cancer patients who received chemotherapy and result in substantial adverse physical, behavioral, cognitive and affective consequences for patient. Given the impact of fatigue, treatment options should be routinely considered in the care of patients with cancer.
https://mejc.sums.ac.ir/article_41955_f6156faeffb38be2b90700b74218fdd7.pdf
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Middle East Journal of Cancer
2008-6709
5
2
2014
04
01
The Effect of Systemic Steroids on the Incidence of Bone Pain Flare with Palliative Irradiation
83
89
41956
EN
Mona Mahmoud
Sayed
South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Journal Article
2013
12
02
Background: A significant number of patients who receive palliative irradiation for painful bone metastases experience pain flare, defined as a distressing transient increase in pain not immediately controlled by additional analgesics. This pain is postulated to be due to edema at the onset of radiotherapy. This study aims to compare the incidence of bone pain flare among patients who receive steroid prophylaxis to those with no prophylaxis treatment.Methods: From June 2011 to June 2013, 147 eligible patients with painful bone metastases entered into this phase 3 prospective study. We divided patients into two groups. Group A received 8 mg dexamethasone one hour prior to irradiation during the treatment time and for three days afterwards. Group B received no prophylaxis treatment. All patients received radiotherapy at a dose of 2000 Gy/5 fractions. The development of flare was recorded in each group and several factors were examined to determine the presence of an influence on this incidence.Results: Group A included 68 patients, 11 (16.2%) of whom developed bone pain flare while group B comprised 79 patients, 30 (38%) with bone pain flare. These results indicated that steroid prophylaxis made a statistically significant difference in decreasing pain flare incidence (P=0.0033). No steroid related complications were reported by any of the patients. None of the factors assessed showed a statistically significant effect on flare development (P>0.05).Conclusion: Administration of 8 mg of dexamethasone an hour prior to irradiation for the treatment period and three days afterwards is effective in significantly decreasing the incidence of pain flare. Dexamethasone is well tolerated and may be recommended for all adult patients who undergo palliative bone irradiation who have no contraindi- cation to this treatment. Larger phase 3 randomized trials are needed to confirm these findings.
https://mejc.sums.ac.ir/article_41956_e41ad625fd17deaca36951f07c807834.pdf
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Middle East Journal of Cancer
2008-6709
5
2
2014
04
01
Pathologic Characteristics and Treatment Outcome of Patients with Malignant Brain Tumors: A Single Institutional Experience from Iran
91
96
41951
EN
Abdolazim
Sedighi Pashaki
Mahdieh Department of Radiation Oncology, Hamadan, Iran
Ehsan
Akbari Hamed
Mahdieh Department of Radiation Oncology, Hamadan, Iran
Kamal
Mohammadian
Mahdieh Department of Radiation Oncology, Hamadan, Iran
Mohammad
Abbasi
Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Afsane
Maddah Safaei
Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad
Babaei
Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mohamamad Hadi
Gholami
Physicist, Mahdieh Department of Radiation Oncology, Hamadan, Iran
Alireza
Khoshghadam
Physicist, Mahdieh Department of Radiation Oncology, Hamadan, Iran
Journal Article
2013
11
16
Background: Central nervous system tumors account for 2%-5% of all malignancies in humans. These tumors account for 2% of all pediatric cancers. The worldwide incidence of primary central nervous system tumors is estimated at 3.9 (males) and 3.2 (females) per 100000 person-years. The incidence of brain tumor cases has been reported as 3.67% of all malignancies and 4% of all cancer mortalities in Iran. The five most common histological types of brain tumor in Iran according to different case studies are; meningioma, astrocytoma, glioblastoma, pituitary adenoma and ependymoma. The aim of this study is to determine the histopathological pattern and characteristics of patients with brain tumors who have referred to the Mahdieh Radiotherapy Department, Hamadan, Iran. Methods: This descriptive, retrospective study was performed at the Mahdieh Radiotherapy Department, between 2005 and 2012. We included 220 patients who referred to the Radiotherapy Department with diagnoses of primary brain tumor in this study.Results: Between 2005 and 2012, we treated 220 new cases of primary brain tumor at Mahdieh Radiotherapy Department. The mean age at diagnosis was 39.95±15.48 years with a median age of 39 years. Patients' ages ranged from 4 to 75 years. Among the 220 patients, 138 were male and 82 were female with a male to female ratio of 1.68. For most tumors there was a male predominance, with the exception of meningioma (M/F: 0.23), ependymoma (M/F: 1) and pituitary adenoma (M/F: 0.6). Astrocytomas, glioblastomas, high grade meningiomas and oligodendrogliomas were the four most common pathologies treated in this department. The best treatment results were achieved in patients with astrocytomas.Conclusion: The present study is a retrospective radiotherapy centre-based study designed in a pioneer radiotherapy centre in Western Iran, not a prospective population study. These data have provided a baseline for further epidemiological studies. Our encouraging results in radiotherapy treatment of primary malignant tumors clearly highlight the benefits of definitive or postoperative radiation.
https://mejc.sums.ac.ir/article_41951_74fd98677c86f0d5733f525fca5452ae.pdf
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Middle East Journal of Cancer
2008-6709
5
2
2014
04
01
Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor Expression and its Correlation with Various Clinicopathological Parameters in Ovarian Tumors
97
103
41950
EN
Shilpa
Garg
Department of Pathology and Gynecology, Pt. B.D Sharma Post Graduate University of
Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
Nisha
Marwah
Department of Pathology and Gynecology, Pt. B.D Sharma Post Graduate University of
Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
Gulshan
Chauhan
Department of Pathology and Gynecology, Pt. B.D Sharma Post Graduate University of
Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
Sumiti
Gupta
Department of Pathology and Gynecology, Pt. B.D Sharma Post Graduate University of
Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
Rajiv
Goyal
Department of Orthopaedics, Pt. B.D Sharma Post Graduate University of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
Pushpa
Dahiya
Department of Pathology and Gynecology, Pt. B.D Sharma Post Graduate University of
Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
Promil
Jain
Department of Pathology and Gynecology, Pt. B.D Sharma Post Graduate University of
Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
Rajiv
Sen
Department of Pathology and Gynecology, Pt. B.D Sharma Post Graduate University of
Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
0000-0001-7957-5613
Journal Article
2014
03
12
Background: This study evaluates estrogen and progesterone expressions in patients with ovarian tumors (both benign and malignant) and their correlation with various clinicopathological prognostic parameters. Receptors for estrogen and progesterone are predictive and prognostic markers of endometrial and breast cancers. However, their clinical significance in epithelial ovarian cancer is not clear due to conflicting data from only a few immunohistochemical studies available in the literature.Methods: The present study was conducted on 60 cases of ovarian tumors, 20 benign and 40 malignant. Estrogen and progesterone expressions were studied by immuno- histochemistry and correlated with various clinicopathological parameters such as, menopausal status, histological type, WHO grade and FIGO stage.Results: Out of 20 benign tumors the estrogen receptor was positive in 10 (50%) and progesterone receptor was positive in 14 (70%) tumors. In 40 malignant tumors, the estrogen receptor was positive in 13 (32.5%) and progesterone receptor was positive in 11 (27.5%) cases. There was statistically significant estrogen receptor expression observed in serous tumors (P=0.001). When compared with other clinico- pathological parameters, we noted a significant association between progesterone receptor expression and favorable prognostic parameters such as young age, benign tumors and early FIGO stage.Conclusion: There were variable expressions of the estrogen and progesterone receptors in ovarian tumors. Progesterone receptor expression was associated with favorable prognostic factors that included younger age, benign tumor and low FIGO stage. No such association was observed with estrogen receptor expression.
https://mejc.sums.ac.ir/article_41950_4e5a3555c265e0466e85177d2a7c33c7.pdf
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Middle East Journal of Cancer
2008-6709
5
2
2014
04
01
A Case with Neurofibromatosis and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Blastic Crisis Treated with Imatinib
105
108
41949
EN
Gamal
Abdul Hamid
National Oncology Center, Aden, Yemen
Iman Bin
Harize
National Oncology Center, Aden, Yemen
Journal Article
2014
03
12
A 61-year-old female presented with complaints of fever, general weakness and hepatosplenomegaly. She had a history of nonfamilial peripheral neurofibromatosis diagnosed as von Recklinghausen's disease since 30 years previous. Physical examination was remarkable for skin colored cutaneous circumscribed nodules which appeared soft to the touch in both arms, the upper part of her abdomen, back, and posterior thigh. The liver was palpable 10 cm below the inferior border of the costal margin and she had evidence of significant splenomegaly. Laboratory results were as follows: hemoglobin 7.9 g/dl; ESR142 mm/hour; leukocytes 22400x109/L; neutrophils 35%; eosinophils 3%; basophils 4%; myelocytes40%; myeloblasts 14%; promyelocytes 2%; and band form 2%. The bone marrow picture was chronic myeloid leukemia in blastic form. Chest CT scan showed the presence of numerous cutaneous nodules (neurofibromatosis). A biopsy of the tissue fragment from the nodules confirmed the presence of diffuse neurofibromatosis. Bone marrow cytology that included cytogenetic and immunophenotyping confirmed the presence of chronic myeloid leukemia with a positive Philadelphia chromosome and diploidy female clone in a blastic form (acute myeloid leukemia). Addition of 600 mg oral imatinib mesylate daily for one month and reduced to 400 mg daily yields complete hematological remission and complete cytogenetic responses. This case illustrated an association between chronic myeloid leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia and neurofibromatosis in an adult.
https://mejc.sums.ac.ir/article_41949_b99f973004333eb35ec0fe25f074dcd3.pdf
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Middle East Journal of Cancer
2008-6709
5
2
2014
04
01
Cancer Diagnosis Disclosure: What is the Right Thing to Do?
109
110
41948
EN
Shahram
Paydar
Trauma Research Center, Shahid Rajaee (Emtiaz) Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Zahra
Ghahramani
Trauma Research Center, Shahid Rajaee (Emtiaz) Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Journal Article
2013
12
24
N/A
https://mejc.sums.ac.ir/article_41948_a90d3a1d5c27b712fb15a997e3c17670.pdf
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Middle East Journal of Cancer
2008-6709
5
2
2014
04
01
Calendar of Events
111
111
41947
EN
Journal Article
2014
03
12
https://mejc.sums.ac.ir/article_41947_7229ce3218ad29c2fad13e142b13379e.pdf